Sanctions Compliance · Venezuela Program

OFAC General License 41 vs 46: Which Applies to You?

Two Venezuela oil licenses, two very different worlds. GL 41 was the Chevron-only deal that ended in 2025. GL 46 is the broader 2026 framework for established U.S. entities. Here is how they compare for compliance teams.

By Caracas Research Updated June 16, 2026 9 min read

Key Takeaways

  • OFAC General License 41 vs 46 are different eras: GL 41 (2022) was Chevron-specific; GL 46 (2026) is a broader oil-trade framework.
  • GL 41 is no longer active. OFAC amended it to a wind-down (GL 41A) and the window closed at 12:01 a.m. EDT on April 3, 2025.
  • GL 46 is the current license. It was issued January 29, 2026, then amended by GL 46A and GL 46B.
  • GL 46 covers "established U.S. entities" — those organized under U.S. law on or before January 29, 2025 — not just one company.
  • Neither license authorizes new exploration or new oil-sector investment, and payments tied to PdVSA face strict controls.

Compliance officers often ask about OFAC General License 41 vs 46 in the same breath. Both touch Venezuela's oil sector. Both come from the U.S. Treasury's Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC). But they belong to different policy moments and authorize very different things. This guide breaks down the scope, dates, and limits of each, so you can map your activity to the right authorization.

This is not legal advice. Sanctions guidance changes fast, and general licenses are amended and revoked without much notice. Always verify every provision against the current OFAC text on the Venezuela-Related Sanctions page and the official license PDFs before you act. When in doubt, seek qualified counsel.

Side-by-Side Comparison

Here is the quick comparison of OFAC General License 41 vs 46 across the dimensions a compliance team cares about most.

DimensionGeneral License 41General License 46
Who it coversChevron Corporation and its joint ventures with PdVSA"Established U.S. entities" organized under U.S. law on or before Jan 29, 2025
What it authorizedProduction, lifting, sale, export, and import of petroleum from Chevron's Venezuela joint venturesTransactions ordinarily incident to lifting, export, sale, transport, storage, and refining of Venezuelan-origin oil
Issue dateNovember 26, 2022January 29, 2026
AmendmentsGL 41A (wind-down, early March 2025)GL 46A (Feb 10, 2026); GL 46B (Mar 13, 2026)
Wind-down vs ongoingWind-down only; authorization expired April 3, 2025Ongoing; no fixed expiration date stated, but revocable anytime
New investment / explorationNot authorizedNot authorized
Current status (2026)Inactive — superseded and expiredActive (as GL 46B), subject to ongoing OFAC updates

Sources: Holland & Knight on GL 41/41A · Greenberg Traurig on GL 46/46A · OFAC Venezuela-Related Sanctions

What General License 41 Authorized

OFAC issued General License 41 on November 26, 2022. It was narrow by design. The license let Chevron Corporation resume limited operations through its joint ventures with Petróleos de Venezuela, S.A. (PdVSA).

In plain terms, GL 41 covered the production, lifting, sale, export, and import into the U.S. of petroleum from those Chevron joint ventures. It did not open the door to other dealings with PdVSA. It also did not let PdVSA receive cash profits from the oil sales.

The picture changed in 2025. The administration reversed course, and OFAC amended GL 41 into a wind-down license (GL 41A). That wind-down window closed at 12:01 a.m. EDT on April 3, 2025. After that date, the GL 41 authorization no longer applied.

So when compliance teams weigh OFAC General License 41 vs 46 today, the key fact is simple. GL 41 is history. You cannot rely on it for activity in 2026.

Sources: Holland & Knight · Federal Register: GL 41A, 5R, 41B

What General License 46 Authorizes

General License 46 is the current framework. OFAC issued it on January 29, 2026. It is broader than GL 41 because it does not name a single company.

GL 46 covers "established U.S. entities." OFAC defines these as entities organized under U.S. law on or before January 29, 2025. New shell entities formed to chase the opening do not qualify.

The license authorizes transactions ordinarily incident and necessary to oil trade. That includes lifting, export, sale, resale, supply, storage, transport, and refining of Venezuelan-origin oil. Later updates clarified that this reaches crude, blends, and petroleum products, plus related shipping, insurance, and port services.

OFAC then amended GL 46 twice. GL 46A arrived February 10, 2026. GL 46B followed on March 13, 2026. Each version refined the scope and conditions, so always check the latest text.

One limit stays constant. GL 46 does not authorize oil exploration, new oil-sector investment, or the formation of new joint ventures. It also excludes broader gas and energy activity. For the full breakdown, see our OFAC General License 46 guide and the master list in our OFAC general licenses tool.

Sources: Greenberg Traurig · Crowell & Moring

Payments, PdVSA, and Restrictions

Payments are where many compliance reviews fail. Both licenses guard the cash flow to PdVSA, but in different ways.

RestrictionGeneral License 41General License 46
Cash to PdVSABlocked PdVSA from receiving profits from the oil salesPayments must go to Foreign Government Deposit Funds (except local taxes, permits, fees), kept under U.S. control
Payment form limitsTied to the Chevron JV structure; no other PdVSA dealingsNo debt swaps, no gold, no Venezuelan digital currency; payments must be commercially reasonable
Third-country riskActivity limited to Chevron JVs onlyExcludes dealings tied to Russia, Iran, North Korea, Cuba, or China
Scope of activityPetroleum from Chevron JVs onlyOil trade by any qualifying established U.S. entity

If your payment routes outside Foreign Government Deposit Funds, or uses a barred payment form, GL 46 will not protect it. Before you screen counterparties, run them through our Venezuela sanctions checker. For background on why these controls exist, read why Venezuela is sanctioned.

Sources: Greenberg Traurig on GL 46A payment mechanics

The Verdict: Which License Applies

For nearly every situation in 2026, the answer is GL 46, not GL 41. Here is the quick test.

You're looking at GL 41 if…

  • You are reviewing historical activity from 2022 to early 2025.
  • The transaction involved Chevron's PdVSA joint ventures.
  • You need to confirm a past wind-down ended by April 3, 2025.
  • You should treat GL 41 as expired for any current dealing.

You're looking at GL 46 if…

  • Your entity was organized under U.S. law on or before Jan 29, 2025.
  • You trade, ship, store, or refine Venezuelan-origin oil.
  • You can route payments through Foreign Government Deposit Funds.
  • You are not seeking new exploration or new investment.

Both licenses share a hard limit: they do not green-light new exploration or new oil-sector investment. If your plan needs either, no current general license covers it, and you should seek counsel or a specific license.

Need a documented compliance read for a specific deal or counterparty? Our team builds tailored sanctions dossiers that map your activity to the current OFAC text. You can also start free with our Venezuela sanctions checker.

Frequently Asked Questions

GL 41 was a Chevron-specific license issued November 2022, allowing Chevron to operate in Venezuela. It expired April 3, 2025 via wind-down GL 41A. GL 46, issued January 29, 2026, is a broader authorization for any 'established U.S. entity' (organized on or before January 29, 2025) to engage in Venezuela oil-sector transactions, with PDVSA payments routed into Foreign Government Deposit Funds.
No. General License 41 expired, and the wind-down General License 41A provided a grace period that also ended April 3, 2025. Companies previously operating under GL 41 must now qualify under GL 46 or a successor authorization. Consult sanctions counsel to confirm current status.
Under GL 46, an 'established U.S. entity' is a U.S. entity that was organized or created under U.S. law on or before January 29, 2025 — the date GL 46 was issued. Entities formed after that date, or foreign subsidiaries, generally do not qualify without a separate specific license.
No. GL 46 authorizes transactions in Venezuela's oil and gas sector but does not authorize dealing with parties on the OFAC SDN list. Screening all counterparties, including PDVSA subsidiaries and service providers, against the SDN list remains mandatory before any transaction under GL 46.
Under GL 46, payments owed to PDVSA or PdVSA entities must be deposited into Foreign Government Deposit Funds (FGDFs) — escrow-like accounts that hold funds until conditions for release are met. This mechanism prevents direct hard-currency transfers to the Venezuelan government while keeping commercial activity legal.