Methodology · Authority signal

Sources & Methodology

Every briefing on Caracas Research is derived from primary Venezuelan-government, US-government, and international monitoring sources — refreshed twice daily, with full provenance kept for each data point.

Primary sources we monitor

OFAC Specially Designated Nationals (SDN) list

US Treasury · Primary
410 entries on file

The complete US Treasury OFAC consolidated SDN list, filtered for Venezuela-related programs (VENEZUELA, VENEZUELA-EO13850, VENEZUELA-EO13884). Tracks every individual, entity, vessel, and aircraft sanctioned in connection with Venezuela.

Refresh cadence: Twice daily (10am, 5pm) · View source →

US Federal Register — Venezuela

US Government · Primary
5 entries on file

Final rules, proposed rules, executive orders, and notices published by federal agencies. Source of truth for OFAC general licenses, sanctions actions, and trade rule changes.

Refresh cadence: Twice daily · View source →

Asamblea Nacional de Venezuela

Venezuelan Government · Primary
391 entries on file

Official news feed of the Venezuelan National Assembly: bills introduced, laws passed, committee work, and parliamentary diplomacy. Translated into English by our analyzer.

Refresh cadence: Twice daily · View source →

Gaceta Oficial de la República Bolivariana de Venezuela

Venezuelan Government · Primary
11 entries on file

The official gazette publishing every Venezuelan law, decree, and government resolution. We OCR scanned PDFs and persist the underlying text so each item is searchable and analyzable.

Refresh cadence: Twice daily · View source →

Banco Central de Venezuela (BCV)

Venezuelan Government · Primary

Official daily exchange rate of the bolivar against the US dollar, plus monetary policy announcements. Used as a baseline for all Venezuela-USD conversions on this site.

Refresh cadence: Daily · View source →

US State Department — Venezuela travel advisory

US Government · Primary

Official US State Department travel advisory level for Venezuela. Used in the security and operating-environment sections of the pillar guide and travel-related tools.

Refresh cadence: Daily check, alerts on level change · View source →

GDELT Project (global event database)

Open data · Secondary
0 entries on file

Global news event database used as a tone signal — we use the GDELT V2 GKG tone score as one of the inputs that decides which items get the more expensive LLM analysis treatment.

Refresh cadence: Twice daily · View source →

How we use these sources

Each scrape run pulls fresh content from the sources above, deduplicates against what we've already seen, and runs the resulting items through a multi-stage filter:

  1. Keyword pre-filter drops items that don't mention Venezuela-relevant entities, sectors, programs, or named officials. About 70% of incoming items get dropped at this step.
  2. Tone score from GDELT (where applicable) is used to prioritise items that read as either materially negative or materially positive — neutral wire copy is deprioritized.
  3. LLM analysis assigns a 1-10 investor-relevance score, an English headline, sector tags, sentiment, and an investor takeaway. Items scoring below 5 are not published. The analyzer runs only on items that survive the first two filters, which keeps daily LLM cost under $5.
  4. Long-form analysis (the /briefing posts) is generated for items scoring 5+ using GPT-4o.
  5. Pillar and sector pages (/invest-in-venezuela and /sectors/*) are regenerated weekly using the GPT-5 family for higher-quality evergreen prose.

Editorial standards

This site is independent commentary by an analyst team, not investment advice. Where an LLM has authored the body of a briefing or landing page, that's noted. Every page links back to the primary source so you can verify the underlying facts before acting. We publish corrections in the next scheduled briefing window when errors are identified.

Get in touch

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